Japanese words taken from Dutch
As the Netherlands used to have an exlusive trading relation with Japan in the Edo period (via Dejima, now part of Nagasaki), many Dutch words have found their way into the Japanese language. This doesn't mean that all words are originally Dutch (some will have a Latin or French origin for instance) but these words were used in the Dutch language and brought to Japan via the Duch people in Dejima harbour.I have been searching on the internet for some words and combined several lists I found in some forums and at the Nihongo FAQ, where also Japanese words originating from some other languages are listed.
|
Japanese (rōmaji) |
Dutch (origin) |
English meaning (of Japanese word) |
Notes |
|
|
アラック |
arakku |
Arak |
Arrack |
a kind of alcoholic beverage |
|
アルカリ |
arukari |
alkali |
Alkali |
a chemical |
|
アスベスト |
asubesuto |
asbest |
Asbestos |
|
|
バロメーター |
baromeetaa |
barometer |
Barometer |
|
|
ビール, 麦酒 |
biiru |
Bier |
Beer |
|
|
ブリキ |
buriki |
Blik |
tin, tin plate |
|
|
ダンス |
dansu |
Dans |
Dance |
|
|
デッキ |
dekki |
Dek |
deck, floor of a ship |
|
|
ドック |
dokku |
Dok |
(dry) dock |
|
|
ドンタク |
dontaku |
zondag (Sunday) |
name of a festival at Kyushu (Fukuoka/Hakatta) |
See also handon., Sunday is the sabbath day of many Christians |
|
ドロップ |
doroppu |
Dorp |
Liquorice |
a kind of sweets |
|
ガラス, 硝子 |
garasu |
Glas |
window glass |
|
|
ガス |
gasu |
Gas |
Gas |
|
|
ギプス |
gipusu |
Gips |
gypsum, plaster, stuff used when one's bone is broken |
|
|
ゴム |
gomu |
gom/gum |
rubber, eraser |
|
|
グラス |
gurasu |
Glas |
drinking glass |
|
|
ハム |
hamu |
Ham |
Ham |
sort of pork meat |
|
半ドン |
handon |
zondag (Sunday) |
half-day holiday |
Compound of Japanese han (half) and dontaku. Not used often |
|
ヒステリー |
hisuterii |
hysterie |
Hysteria |
uncontrollable outburst of emotion |
|
ホップ |
hoppu |
Hop |
Hop |
plant used in the beer making process |
|
インキ |
inki |
Inkt |
Ink |
changed to inku (インク) from English. Inki is seen in names of old companies producing ink |
|
カバン |
kaban |
kabas |
Bag |
the dutch word kabas is not used anymore. Tas (bag) or Koffer (case) is used nowadays. Kabas is actually an oldfashioned big reed basket. |
|
カンフル |
kanfuru |
kamfer |
Camphor |
fragrant syrup |
|
カルキ |
karuki |
Kalk |
chalk, white limestone |
|
|
キニーネ |
kiniine |
kinine |
Quinine |
similar to caffeine, medication used to treat malaria |
|
コック |
kokku |
Kok |
Cook |
the person who cooks |
|
コンマ |
konma |
komma |
Comma |
|
|
コンパス |
konpasu |
kompas |
Compass |
|
|
コーヒー, 珈琲 |
koohii |
koffie |
Coffee |
|
|
コップ |
koppu |
Kop/mok (cup/mug) |
drinking glass |
Note the difference in meaning, Duch people wont call a (drinking) glass "kop";May have come from Portuguese ``copo. |
|
コルク |
koruku |
Kurk |
cork (material) |
|
|
マドロス |
madorosu |
matroos |
Sailor |
not used often in Japanese |
|
マント |
manto |
mantel |
cloak, mantle |
|
|
マラリヤ |
marariya |
malaria |
Malaria |
|
|
マーモット |
maamotto |
marmot |
Marmot |
Animal |
|
マスト |
masuto |
Mast |
mast (of a ship) |
|
|
メス |
mesu |
Mes |
Knife |
|
|
モルヒネ |
moruhine |
morfine |
Morphine |
|
|
ニッケル |
nikkeru |
nikkel |
Nickel |
a metal |
|
オルゴール |
orugooru |
orgel (organ) |
music box |
Dutch: muziekdoos |
|
パップ |
pappu |
Pap |
pap, porridge |
not often used in japanese, kayu (かゆ、粥)is used instead |
|
ペン |
pen |
Pen |
Pen |
|
|
ペリカン |
perikan |
pelikaan |
Pelican |
Bird |
|
ピンセット |
pinsetto |
pincet |
pincette, tweezers |
|
|
ピント |
pinto |
punt (point) |
focus point of a lens/photocamera |
|
|
ピストル |
pisutoru |
pistool |
Pistol |
|
|
ポンプ |
ponpu |
pomp |
Pump |
|
|
ポルダー |
porudaa |
polder |
drained low lying land prepared for use (e.g. reclaimed from the sea) |
|
|
ラバルベル |
rabaruberu |
rabarber |
Rhubarb |
edible plant, word is not used often in japanese |
|
ランプ |
rampu |
Lamp |
Lamp |
|
|
ランドセル |
randoseru |
ransel |
square backpack, knapsack |
|
|
ランセット |
ransetto |
lancet |
Lancet |
not used often |
|
レンズ |
renzu |
Lens |
Lens |
|
|
レプラ |
repura |
Lepra |
lepra, leprosy |
contagious bacterial disease, this name is not used anymore in Japanese |
|
レッテル |
retteru |
Letter |
only used in「レッテルを貼る」retteru o haru: to tag/label someone (negative meaning) |
Original meaning: character which is part of an alphabet like in "the letter A is the first in the alphabet" |
|
リュックサック |
ryukkusakku |
rugzak |
rucksack. |
|
|
サーベル |
saaberu |
sabel |
saber, curved single-edged sword |
|
|
サフラン |
safuran |
saffraan |
Saffron |
species of crocus plant; spice and food coloring |
|
シロップ |
siroppu |
siroop |
Syrup |
|
|
スコップ |
sukoppu |
schop |
shovel, scoop |
|
|
スポイト |
supoito |
(injectie)spuit |
(Medicine) syringe; fire engine |
|
|
スープ |
suupu |
Soep |
Soup |
|
|
タラップ |
tarappu |
trap (stairs) |
gangway ladder |
|
|
ヨード |
yoodo |
jodium |
Iodine |
chemical element |
|
ゼネイフル |
zeneifuru |
jenever |
Dutch gin |
alcoholic beverage |
|
ズック |
zukku |
Doek |
plimsolls, shoes made of canvas/cloth |
Original Dutch meaning: cloth, piece of textile, canvas |